How can they turn down a warranty repair on the aircon. If the aircon recharge service is an option. Yes if you don’t have the engine oil changed at 12 months 9000miles they can refuse to pay for engine damage. But an item they can’t be bothered to specify the service interval in miles years how can they say you didn’t do what they didn’t tell you to do in an official service booklet etc??
It's in the same category as brake fluid changes which are recommended at 3 years and then every 2 years after that, and like AC it is optional and is not included in the basic service (in the UK anyway). For aircon, there are 2 levels of service recommended every 2 years - one is basically cleaning filters (and topping up ?), while the more expensive is a complete fluid/gas change. Brake fluid and AC are time related and not dependent on mileage. The exact details can be found on the VW web site under the pages for owners/service.
The point is that many/most cars will continue beyond these recommended service intervals, but the associated risks will increase as the time interval increases. Once a car is out of warranty, or for people considering replacing their car in the near future, delaying or ignoring these items is quite common practice - less so for the brakes as that becomes a safety risk to life and limb for drivers their passengers/family and for other road users or pedestrians.
But during the warranty period, if the recommended service work is not carried out by a VW authorised agent, the warranty will become null and void for those items or anything which depends on them. This is common practice with any sort of warranty for most goods.